English Steward is located in the beautiful and blooming city of Irvine in Southern California.  Though still a medium sized-city, Irvine has grown quite a bit from its early days, and continues to develop into a great city providing conveniences for living and learning.  

The Early Days (B.C.E. – C.E)

Archaeological research officially establishes the range of the first prehistoric men in the Irvine area at around 12,000 to 18,000 years ago. There are many fragments of evidence scattered throughout the Irvine area, mainly remnants of early campsites and shelters.

The first settlement of what are thought to be the indigenous people of Southern California, the Gabrielino Indians moved into the Irvine area about 2,000 years ago. They established many villages, trading relations with the neighboring tribes. One such tribe was located near the present-day marshes of San Joaquin. If you drive by the San Joaquin golf course, then you’re driving by the ancient lands of the Gabrielino Indians!

The Gabrielinos had their own social customs, hunting methods, and even their own language system. Linguists have categorized the Gabrielinos into the Shosonean language group, which was spoken among many tribes occupying various parts of North America.

The native Gabrielinos did not establish large, highly-populated cities; instead, they lived in many small villages scattered throughout a large area along the Pacific Coast. Since they lived so close to the shore, shellfish and waterfowl (birds which live near water) became a staple of their everyday diet. Instead of large buildings, the Gabrielinos lived in small, round, woven huts and were excellent weavers and jewelers. They crafted excellent baskets and bags, as well as seashell and stone jewelry.

Arrival of the Spanish Settlers (1700s – 1800s)

The natives of Irvine enjoyed their peaceful civilization until 1769, when the King of Spain sent an explorer named Gaspar de Portola and his crew of adventurers to the San Joaquin Valley. With them came fortresses, missions, and large-scale agriculture. The king began to develop the surrounding land, which became a part of Mexico. In 1831, the Mexicans gained their independence from Spain and turned the Spanish missions and farms into “ranchos” for the Mexican citizens. 

Three of these large ranchos made up the land that later became a place called Irvine Ranch: Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana, Rancho San Joaquin and Rancho Lomas de Santiago. The oldest, Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana, an early Spanish grant to the Yorba family, was confirmed by the Mexican government.

Incorporation into the United States (Mid to Late 1800s)

In 1837, San Juan Capistrano mission lands were granted to a man named Don Jose Sepulveda. These lands were later called Rancho San Joaquin. Nine years later, the area of Rancho Lomas de Santiago was granted to a man named Teodosio Yorba in 1846. That year, the Mexican army was defeated by the expanding Americans in the Mexican-American War. The Treaty of Guadalupe that was signed afterwards annexed California to the United States of America.

The US government shortly passed the Congressional Act of 1851, which forced landholders to reapply to the Board of Land Commissioners to get a valid title to their ranchos, effectively incorporating those territories under the Union. The original landowners had large families to whom they were gifting and dividing the lands. Some of these family members were selling these lands to outsiders, which made matters more confusing because it was unclear who owned which lands!

Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana was one of the territories whose ownership was unclear. In 1868, outsider Abel Stearns was successful in his lawsuit to dissolve the rancho and divide the property among four ranchers: Benjamin and Thomas Flint, Llewellyn Bixby and the cowboy-turned-businessman James Irvine. These group of investors later acquired the lands of Rancho San Joaquin and Rancho Lomas de Santiago for a combined $25,000. This was a bargain considering the lands bordered the northern Santa Ana River, thereby securing the water rights to that area.

Irvine, being the sly businessman that he was, acquired his associates’ combined lands for $150,000. James Irvine now owned 110,000 acres that stretched 23 miles from the Santa Ana River to the Pacific Ocean.

James Irvine eventually died in 1886 and his son, James Irvine Jr., came into full possession of his father’s lands, which he then incorporated into The Irvine Company one year later. This is the same Irvine Company that we know today.

Transition into the Modern Times (1900s-2000s)

During World War I, 60,000 acres of lima beans were grown on the Irvine Ranch and were used to support the nearby military bases. During World War II, two Marine Corps air facilities (one of which was called El Toro, which is now called The District) were built on land sold to the government by The Irvine Company.

James Irvine, Jr. died in 1947 at the age of 80. Ownership of the company fell to his son Myford, who began opening small sections of the ranch to urban development. Myford’s efforts led to the complete urbanization of the area that we see today.

In 1959, the University of California asked The Irvine Company for 1,000 acres for a new campus. The Irvine Company agreed, and the State accepted the land and purchased an additional 500 acres. The University's consulting architect, William Pereira, and Irvine Company planners drew up master plans for a city of 50,000 people surrounding the university. The area would include industrial zones, residential and recreational areas, commercial centers and greenbelts. The Irvine Industrial Complex West (now known as The Irvine Business Complex) opened and the villages of Turtle Rock, University Park, Culverdale, the Ranch and Walnut were completed by 1970. These villages are what make the city of Irvine unique in its layout.

By January 1999, the City of Irvine had a population of 134,000 and a total area of 43 square miles. The population is expected to amount to over 200,000 on 46.7 square miles by the year 2020.

-JG


Sources: http://www.ci.irvine.ca.us/about/history.asp

              http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irvine,_California

At English Steward, we have classes for both American kids who need to improve their reading and writing skills and for kids from other countries who have come to visit or live here, and need to learn more English to thrive in school.  But we also have adult students who need to learn English to live and be successful here.  

The biggest worry I hear from adult students is that they are not learning English quickly enough.  My response?  Learning English takes time.  That is obvious.  For adults it takes much longer than for children.  I've taught a wide age range of students and found that young children can remember the pronunciation, meaning, and spelling of a word after just seeing the word once or twice.  Late Elementary and Jr. High students take four or five times.  And High School students can remember more than adults, but definitely must work harder to learn than young Elementary students. 

So, what does this mean for adults who are learning English?  They must remember a few things:

1. Language is a living thing and has a mind of its own.  I didn't believe this when my Spanish teacher told me in High School, or when my French professor said that in college.  It took my personal experience with learning many languages to learn this.  Language is like a person you have to build a relationship with.  You have to learn more about it through experience, working with it, talking with it and getting to know it over time.  Learning English takes time, but it's well worth it, because the more you learn it, the more opportunity it provides.
2. Therefore, an English learner must study, hear and use their English every day, even if it is in a small way or for a short time.  I learned Spanish for six years, but remember very few words right now.  But when I was in Guatemala, within a week, some Spanish words that I thought I forgot came back.  I realized it was because, in Guatemala, I heard Spanish all day, every day. 
3. Don't be scared to speak English, even if your grammar or pronunciation isn't perfect.  Some people will be understanding that this is not your first language and some will not.  It is easy to get paralyzed by your fear or bad past experiences in speaking English, but you have to be "thick-skinned."  This means, you need to be strong, and not worry about people who are rude to you when your English isn't perfect.  Remember, this is not your first language.  It's okay to make mistakes.
4. Also, "a watched pot never boils."  This is an American idiom that means, if you think every moment about something, you will not see it happen.  This is the same with learning English.  You need to just study and live a life which involves English.  Don't think about when your English will be perfect.  If you just focus on learning the language and culture, you will find yourself being able to communicate with and understand American people better.  And really, that is the goal.

Don't give up in learning English.  Even if you just study one new English word or phrase a day, over a year you will learn so many new things.  Keep trying!  :)
  

Part of learning English in the U.S. is living the life.

A popular past time for Americans is to be a "foodie," someone who likes to try different kinds of foods.  I'm not a huge foodie, but I like to explore new restaurants every once-in-a while.  One of my favorite breakfast places that we recently went to with some of our morning class students is Old Vine Cafe located in Costa Mesa.  The food there is a little expensive, but the food is tasty and interesting, always a good experience.

Old Vine Cafe is located at the Camp.  The Camp is a cool "hipster" area in Costa Mesa, CA near South Coast Plaza.  Hipsters is a type of sub-culture that is artistic and creative, and a little nontraditional.  It's a great place to spend a couple of hours.

There are many other places to check out in the Orange County or Los Angeles area.  To find out more, check out eating my way through oc.  Let me know what are your favorite foodie finds!

In our advanced Business English ESL class, we have been reading Outliers, by Malcolm Gladwell.  In chapter 5, he uses the phrase, "...we're getting ahead of ourselves."  For those who are ESL students, what does this idiom mean?

Usually, when someone wants to explain something that has more than one point, they have to explain it in steps.  Sometimes, they get to the end before explaining the earlier points well enough.  So, they say, "I'm getting ahead of myself."

• Example 1:   If a scientist was trying to explain the benefits of an experiment, without explaining well what the experiment was.
  
• Example 2: If a child was thinking about all the gifts they would get at his/her birthday party, even before the party happened.  A parent might say to the son or daughter, "You are getting ahead of yourself."  
  

On Freedictionary.com  they explain it like this:  

          get ahead of oneself  Fig. [for someone] to do or say something sooner than it ought to be done so that 
                                                   the proper explanation or preparations have not been made. 
                       
                                            I have to stick to my notes or I will get ahead of myself in my lecture.             
                                            When he bought a new little bicycle before the baby was born, he was getting ahead 
                                            of himself.


I hope this short explanation helps you to understand this phrase better.  :)

Language is organic.  It is like a living creature whose growth needs continuous nourishment from various resources.  For a tree, nutrition comes from water, sun and rich soil.  For English nutrition comes from reading, writing and practice.  Irvine's challenging academic environment requires students to strive in their growth to thrive in articulate writing and speaking.  At the same time, southern California's friendly and relaxed environment provide the ideal situation for ESL learners to learn and practice their English. This blog is here to assist and provide resources to encourage students to grow in their English knowledge and thinking.  We hope you enjoy!  .